It is a great pleasure to welcome you to the 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2025) in Geneva, Switzerland. The ICRC conferences are held biennially since 1947 by the Commission C4 ...

Recent experimental results hint that some electroweak processes are not lepton-flavour independent, contrary to Standard Model expectations. If the effect strengthens as more data are gathered, ...

Deep learning is bringing new levels of performance to the analysis of growing datasets in high-energy physics.

André de Gouvêa explains why neutrino masses imply the existence of new fundamental fields. Misfits Massive neutrinos are not part of the Standard Model. Credit: Symmetry After all these years, ...

An electron–positron Higgs factory following the LHC would significantly expand our knowledge about this unique and mysterious elementary scalar.

Marek Karliner and Jonathan Rosner ask what makes tetraquarks and pentaquarks tick, revealing them to be at times exotic compact states, at times hadronic molecules and at times both – with much still ...

Oliver James of DNEG, which produced the striking black hole in the film Interstellar, describes the science behind visual effects and the challenges in this fast-growing industry. Gargantua A variant ...

The ALICE collaboration is charting a course to an exciting heavy-ion physics programme for Runs 5 and 6 at the High-Luminosity LHC.

The proton spin crisis Illuminating The 12 GeV CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab may shed light on the source of the proton’s missing spin. Credit: DOE’s Jefferson Lab. Among many misconceptions in ...

Louis Lyons traces the origins of the “five sigma” criterion in particle physics, and asks whether it remains a relevant marker for claiming the discovery of new physics.

Patrick Koppenburg and Marco Pappagallo survey the 23 exotic hadrons discovered at the LHC so far. Twenty-three exotic states Five pentaquarks and 18 tetraquarks have been discovered so far at the LHC ...

Vivian Poulin asks if the tension between a direct measurement of the Hubble constant and constraints from the early universe could be resolved by new physics.