The Harvard International Review is a quarterly magazine offering insight on international affairs from the perspectives of scholars, leaders, and policymakers. Since our founding in 1979, we've set ...

How does overpopulation change a country? Though China and the United States have similar land surface areas of 3.6 million square miles and 3.5 million square miles, respectively, the two global ...

The Rwandan Genocide, born from intense strife and structural inequality between Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda, is infamous for its brutality. Within 100 days, upwards of 800,000 people were violently ...

Around 20 years ago, Colombia’s government was on the verge of collapse. Powerful drug cartels, such as Pablo Escobar’s Medellin cartel, were growing increasingly powerful to the point that the ...

A leader in exile. Children forced into cultural assimilation. A barrage of failed protests. For more than 50 years, China, a global superpower with a population over 400 times that of Tibet, has ...

While survivors worldwide attempted to reconstruct femininity through storytelling, the magnitude of change remains undefined. Intrinsically, the movement’s aftermath is not homogeneous. In 2018, even ...

Imagine this scenario: you learn that a young woman is missing in your city. The next day, someone finds her body on the side of the highway. She has been stabbed dozens of times and is now ...

Apart from Germany’s general reliance on Russian gas until the invasion of Ukraine, the country had notably departed from nuclear energy as part of its greater Energiewende, or energy transition. This ...

Even though scientists knew how to extract the alkaloid cocaine from the leaf, the indigenous communities in the Andean countries were the main group cultivating the plant. As the 20th century ...

Every year, US citizens collectively consume 2.8 billion pounds of chocolate. While this sweet and indulgent treat is a staple for Valentine’s Day and Halloween, its colorful and shiny packaging ...

Russia and Japan have yet to sign a formal peace treaty to end World War II. Both nations’ reluctance boils down to their dispute over a string of islands stretching from Hokkaido, Japan’s ...

Little of the cobalt mined in the DRC is processed domestically or on the continent. Instead, the raw material is shipped to China for refining. The journey between these mining and refining hubs is ...