The Harvard International Review is a quarterly magazine offering insight on international affairs from the perspectives of scholars, leaders, and policymakers. Since our founding in 1979, we've set ...

Two hundred and fifty thousand workers under the Kafala system in Lebanon are currently struggling to survive in an exploitative system. Conflicts within the country due to an economic recession and ...

Russia and Japan have yet to sign a formal peace treaty to end World War II. Both nations’ reluctance boils down to their dispute over a string of islands stretching from Hokkaido, Japan’s ...

A leader in exile. Children forced into cultural assimilation. A barrage of failed protests. For more than 50 years, China, a global superpower with a population over 400 times that of Tibet, has ...

As the world grappled with the onset of the novel coronavirus earlier this year, policymakers in countries across the world had to quickly make a decision. Neither option was particularly appealing: a ...

“Japan is standing on the verge of whether [it] can continue to function as a society.” While the Japanese government and people might not be against immigrants, Japan could provide them with better ...

The first step to assess the success of the EDF is to look at the production revenue of the biggest European producers. The ASD—which represents over 90 percent of European companies involved in ...

The Rwandan Genocide, born from intense strife and structural inequality between Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda, is infamous for its brutality. Within 100 days, upwards of 800,000 people were violently ...

White nationalism has returned to the spotlight in the United States. Over the last decade, the United States witnessed the startling rise of the alt-right, and 330 deaths in the United States alone ...

In 2023, trade between China and Russia reached US$240 billion, a 26.3 percent increase from the previous year and more than double from 2018 (US$107 billion). Collaborations like the 2012 ...

It’s a tale as old as Canada itself: contested First Nations land rights, a lucrative land development, escalating tensions leading to excessive force and damaged relations. For those who know of the ...

Little of the cobalt mined in the DRC is processed domestically or on the continent. Instead, the raw material is shipped to China for refining. The journey between these mining and refining hubs is ...