Many smaller countries’ exports have faced 10 percent tariffs since the president first announced, then suspended, an initial wave of policies in April. Others have staved off eye-watering rates after brokering deals with the United States that set their tariffs generally between 15 and 20 percent.

News of the additional levy on Indian imports has earned mixed reactions from Washington trade groups and businesses.

As governments worldwide scrambled to sway President Donald Trump and secure favorable trade terms before his so-called reciprocal tariffs took effect this week, India wagered heavily on a single Trump insider – and lost.