Ford’s electric vehicle unit, Model-e, lost about $1.3 billion in the quarter, a larger deficit than the roughly $1.2 billion Ford lost on battery powered models during the same period last year.

Motor industry giant Ford says it expects tariffs to cost it about $2bn (£1.5bn) this year, which is more than previously expected, despite building most of its cars in America. The company says it had already paid an extra $800m in duties in the three months ending in June.