Not all cancers are the same. Some cancers grow quickly but many grow very slowly. When you are diagnosed with some types of cancer, you might not need treatment straight away. Doctors monitor you ...

Doctors also check your PSA level as you go through prostate cancer treatment. It can help them see how well treatment is working. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by both normal ...

You may have both internal radiotherapy and external radiotherapy. External radiotherapy uses a machine outside the body to direct radiation beams at the cancer. Permanent seed brachytherapy is when ...

This page is about treatment options for people who have prostate cancer that hasn’t spread to other parts of the body. This is also called non metastatic prostate cancer. Prostate cancer that has ...

What is metastatic prostate cancer? Prostate cancer can spread to other parts of the body. When this happens, it is called metastatic or advanced prostate cancer. The symptoms of metastatic or ...

How can genes cause cancer? Inside almost every single cell in your body is a structure called the nucleus. The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. Inside the nucleus are 23 pairs of ...

Cancer can cause changes to your body, making it hard to eat or digest food and use its nutrients. Medicines, soft diets, adding calories to your diet or tube feeding are some of the ways to manage ...

The number staging system goes from stage 0 to stage 4. Stage 0 melanoma is also called melanoma in situ. Your doctor might also use the Breslow thickness to describe how deeply the melanoma has grown ...

The grade of a cancer tells you how much the cancer cells look like normal cells. This gives your doctor an idea of how your cancer might behave and what treatment you need. Adenocarcinomas start in ...

DPD stands for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. It is an enzyme the liver makes that helps the body break down thymine and uracil. Thymine and uracil make up part of the structure of our genes .

A specialist doctor or nurse (endoscopist) uses a flexible sigmoidoscope for this test. This is a thin, flexible tube that has a small light and a camera at one end. You may also hear it called an ...

The ultrasound scanner has a probe that gives off sound waves. The probe looks a bit like a microphone. The sound waves bounce off the organs inside your body, and the probe picks them up. The probe ...