China’s growing capabilities in science and technology have raised concerns about global power balances. In his CSS Analysis, Leo Eigner describes how, as geopolitical tensions increase, China is ...

This CSS Cyberdefense report by Eugenio Benincasa examines how a core group of red hackers from the 1990s and 2000s laid the groundwork for China’s modern cyber capabilities and traces their ...

China wird im Bereich Wissenschaft und Technologie immer stärker. Mit Blick auf das globale Machtgleichgewicht gibt diese Entwicklung Anlass zu Bedenken. In seiner CSS Analyse beschreibt Leo Eigner, ...

Der CSS Cyberdefense Report von Eugenio Benincasa untersucht, wie eine Kerngruppe von Red Hackern aus den 1990er- und 2000er-Jahren den Grundstein für Chinas moderne Cyberfähigkeiten legte und ...

Strategic Trends, the annual flagship publication of the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich, examines in 2025 the pivotal forces and developments shaping global security, offering ...

Blackouts, which are large-scale and long-lasting power outages, can significantly impact society. Planning for their consequences requires continuous attention from the state, its citizens, and the ...

Leveraging open-access satellite images with deep learning can help humanitarian and human rights organizations address violent conflicts more rapidly. To ensure the effectiveness of remote monitoring ...

This report explores the significance of drought hazards for civil protection organizations in Switzerland, both at the local and national levels.

Reports and information disclosures by threat intelligence providers, government agencies, think tanks, and online hacktivists have exposed China’s elaborate multifaceted “hack-for-hire” ecosystem ...

In France, Germany, and the UK, the authority responsible for the cyber defense of satellites depends on the nature of the targeted system. Cyber commands largely oversee the cyber defense of space ...

This report discusses significant milestones in the development of ransomware, and what turned them into a significant threat to human and national security.

International crises are a stress test for governments, offering opportunities to rally citizens but also risking dissatisfaction with tough policy choices. While trust in government has fluctuated in ...